Global Public Health Congress October 18-19, 2018 Paris, France

Biography:

Nazia Mumtaz is has completed her PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences from Isra University, Islamabad Pakistan. She has been teaching and supervising researches for MS Speech Language Pathology, MS Hearing Sciences. She is also an Associate Editor for the International Journal for Rehabilitation Sciences and Reviewer for the Journal of Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences. She is a Consultant SLP at Alnafees Medical Hospital. Islamabad. She is also a member of WFNR, Analyst in National newspapers. She has completed the Fellowship in Clinical & Research Neuro Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine from Seoul National University, Bundang Hospital, Korea. She has also completed her Certification from World Federation for Neuro Rehabilitation Certification in Neurological Rehabilitation, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea. She has completed her MS/M.Phil. in Speech Pathology. She is currently working as a HOD Speech Language Therapy at Al Nafees Hospital and Member Technical Advisory Group for National Neonatal Hearing Screening Program, Ministry of Health Services & Regulations and Government of Pakistan. She has participated in many international conferences.

 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Hearing Impairment (HI) in children is globally prevalent and Neonatal Hearing Screening (NHS) programs detect Hearing Loss (HL) in newborns at earliest stage for early intervention leading towards rehabilitation. Such NHS programs have been established in developed countries since decades and implemented in many developing countries except a few like Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to explore priority accorded to NHS, an invisible disability, at health policy level and to identify existing health structure and to determine barriers towards NHS in Pakistan.

 

Method: An exploratory descriptive qualitative study design conducted with in depth interviews using interview guides from policy makers and hospital administrators in public hospitals in Islamabad. Data recorded was transcribed, thematic analyses drawn manually and verified with help of two separate coders.

 

Findings: Barriers that emerged were lack of policies and scientific focus during policy formation, legislation and fragile health system at federal and provincial level, lack of advocacy and public awareness, not sensational issue hence not focus of media, lack of technical advice by WHO and international donor agencies, poor health infrastructure, burden on tertiary care, deliveries at homes especially in rural areas with assistance of Trained Birth Attendants (TBA), inadequate fiscal resources, lack of referral and integrated approach at intra departmental levels.

 

Conclusion: The study concludes that barriers to NHS are lack of financial resources towards the health sector and scarcity of research and reliable data affects the initiation of NHS programs. It is recommended to initiate NHS in Pakistan without any further delay. State should devise policies and provide financial support and resources for NHS. A phased NHS program is need of time which can subsequently be converted into a full-fledged national hearing screening project for entire population.

 

Biography:

Rami Saadeh is an Assistant Professor in Jordan University of Science and Technology in Jordan.Rami earned his Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) from Jordan, MSPH from Tulane University inLouisiana, US and PhD in Environmental health and Epidemiology from Indiana University, US,and has a specialty in dental public health from the University of Texas Health at San Antonio,Texas, US. Rami worked as a dentist in small villages and Palestinians’ refugee camps in Jordan,taught public health courses for years in Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and the US, and worked as the State Oral Health Epidemiologist in West Virginia. His research focuses on children and disadvantaged populations. His passion is to support equity in healthcare, and he is eager to see low socioeconomic populations gain equitable access to health care.

 

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the association of four upper air indicators and seven air pollutants with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in elementary school children in Pennsylvania over a three-years period.

 

Method: An ecological study design that included records of 168,825 children from elementary schools distributed in 49 Pennsylvania counties was used. The number of children with ADHD exacerbations was extracted from online software specifically designed to record health conditions in schools. Daily measurements of air pollutants and upper air indicators were gained from the S Environmental Protection Agency and from the University of Wyoming, respectively. Generalized estimating equation models with Poisson regression as well as a one-way ANOVA were used in the analysis.

 

Result: The number of ADHD exacerbations significantly increased over the 3-years period [163.9 (±70.1) in 2008, 317.2 (±84.4) in 2009, and 427 (±101.4) in 2010]. Although exacerbations of ADHD fluctuated among months of each year, summer had the lowest number of exacerbations [233.05 (±111.3)], while fall had the highest [367.81(±96.8)]. Further, the difference in the number of ADHD exacerbations among the three years and among the four seasons for all years were statistically significant (P<0.001). Five air pollutants SO₂, CO, NO₂, PM2.5, PM10 and one upper air indicator were significant in the model and no interactions among predictors were significant.

 

Conclusion: Upper air indicators and pollutants were useful tools to predict ADHD in school children, which help parents and school administration to take appropriate precautionary actions

Biography:

Mauricio Lisboa Nobre is a Physician specialized in Dermatology and Leprology. He hasa completed his PhD in Tropical Medicine by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Rio de Janeiro). His main activities include the training of doctors and nurses from the Brazilian Family Health Program on Leprosy Management. He also supports field researches conducted by the Tropical Medicine Institute of Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, especially on leprosy epidemiology and contact tracing. He has acts as an Adviser for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) and ILEP agencies.

 

 

Abstract:

Leprosy is an important public health problem in Brazil, where 25,218 new cases were reported in 2016. Patients with weak resistance against Mycobacterium leprae develop Multibacillary (MB) types of disease and spread the infection. We analyzed 541,090 cases notified in Brazil from 2003-2013, observing that New Cases Detection Rates (NCDR) for MB leprosy increased with age, especially for men, reaching 44.8 new cases/100,000 male population in 65-69-year-old group, while overall NCDR was 2-fold lower. Males had twice the odds of MB leprosy than females (OR=2.36, CI95%=2.33-2.38); the same was observed for patients older than 59 years (OR=1.99, CI 95%=1.96-2.02) compared to youngers. These findings were reported only in areas where leprosy was declining and exposure to infection was reduced, promoting a later onset of disease. However, we observed this pattern for MB leprosy in all Brazilian states, either with the highest NCDR (104.5 new cases/100,000) or the lowest NCDR (1.7 cases/100,000). Additionally, we selected a highly endemic urban area to search for MB leprosy cases among elderly population. As a result, 80% of all residents aged 60 or more years old (531 people) were checked for ML specific antibodies and three new cases of MB leprosy were detected among 188 men (NCDR=1.6%). No new case was detected among 316 women tested. These results suggest that age-specific campaigns should be addressed to increase earlier detection and treatment of MB cases among elderly men in endemic areas, as an important tool to effectively halt leprosy transmission in Brazil.

 

 

Biography:

Soyoka Yoshimi has completed her graduation ranking first in her class in the Department of Physical Therapy and Human Health Sciences from the Kyoto University. She has experience as a Physical Therapist not only in Japan but also in foreign country. She has been to study abroad during her Master’s course of Human Health Sciences almost half of year, and has continued research with abroad graduate school by her own.

 

Abstract:

 

Introduction: Main treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) which is more severe among young women is pharmacological therapy with high risk of adverse effects. In spite of demand of non-pharmacological therapy of PMS, the number of studies demonstrating the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapy for PMS in young women is quite a few.

 

Aim: This study aimed to determine the adequate volume of physical activity on PMS in university students.

 

Materials & Methods: The study subjects included 435 female university students. Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to analyze the exercise intensity of physical activity on PMS symptoms. Each statistical significance level was less than 5%. The mean age of subjects was 20.5±1.2 years. Spearman rank correlation analysis found a negative correlation (p=0.037, r=-0.161) between PMS symptoms and moderate physical activity, but a positive correlation (p=0.038, r=0.159) between PMS symptoms and inactivity.

 

Findings: These findings could help the young women preventing from or decreasing PMS symptoms at lower risk of adverse effects.

 

Results: Our results revealed that PMS symptoms had a negative relationship with moderate physical activity and a positive relationship with inactivity in university students

Biography:

Helen Adamu is an Epidemiologist and is the focal person of Antimicrobial Consumption Surveillance representing her organization with the Nigerian Center for Disease Control. Her work created new interest in antimicrobial use surveillance for improved surveillance system. She is an avid Researcher with seven papers published in reputable journals.

 

Abstract:

Introduction: Several studies show that 80% of antibiotics are consumed in communities than in health facilities. The Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC), University of Maryland (UMB) and Center for Clinical Care and Clinical Research (CCCRN) introduced national antimicrobial consumption surveillance (AMCS) system to provide information on community consumption of antibiotics. This abstract looks at the implementation phase of a novel mobile reporting system for antibiotic use adopted as a strategy for monitoring antibiotic consumption in the community.

 

Methodology: Fifteen (15) community pharmacists (CPs) were identified across four pilot states in Nigeria. This was later scaled up to 71 CPs across 14 States. Capacity building was held for the CPs on AMCS and use of the tool to collate sales record. This training was carried out in collaboration with the respective state epidemiology units who provide supervisory oversight to the CPs. Monitoring of reports (timeliness and antibiotic use) and quality indicators adapted from the European surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (ESAC) was conducted weekly.

 

Results: In the first 12 weeks post deployment in the pilot states, average weekly timeliness of report recorded was 40% from 15 CPs. Highest reporting was 58% in week 38 and lowest was 20% in week 42. Amoxicillin (J01GB06) was the most sold antibiotic (32.6%) of overall antibiotic sales in four states.

 

Conclusion: Implementation of AMCS tool for reporting antibiotic sale was successful. The need to expand the tool to other health settings should be considered to provide insight to antibiotic misuse and abuse and help seek appropriate interventions.