Global Public Health Congress October 18-19, 2018 Paris, France

\r\nIrsida Mehmeti has completed her PhD at the age of 30 years from Catholic University “Our Lady of Good Counsel” in Albania. She is a young researcher and lecturer at the department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the faculty of Pharmacy of the same University. She has published different publications in important scientific journals\r\n

Adverse Events following Immunisation are becoming day after day an increasing concern all over the world. Different countries have implemented various post-vaccination surveillance systems to detect, treat and prevent AEFI. Geographical variations in AE reporting are a known phenomenon. The main objective of this study is to confront the nature, design and performance of AEFI surveillance system in Albania with other countries extracting various indicators from studies found in the literature and confronting them with those obtained by the analysis of the AEFI database of Albania in order to highlight differences and similarities. Through a systematic review of published studies which documented the AEFI rates in different countries at regional or national level, a total of 31 articles were chosen for full reading of the content. The overall reporting rates were calculated differently in various countries. In some of them, distributed doses were taken as numerator, in some others the type was not specified and only in few of them administered doses were used. Albania has the lowest reporting rate of all countries and regions reviewed. Serious events in Albania represented about 21% of all reported AEFI cases. This number were close to that of Switzerland which had the same percentage of serious events. The patterns of AEFI in Albania were close to the patterns of AEFI in other countries with similar surveillance system. The completeness and accuracy of information in the Albanian vaccine safety surveillance system still needs to improve.

Wallace M Macindoe has completed his PhD from the University of Kent and also has completed his MBA from Durham University Business School, UK. He has held several positions in academia as well as in the pharmaceutical industry before founding his own consultancy company “i3 Consult”.\r\n\r\n

Due to interplay of pressures which are political, economic, social, technological and environmental, the financial burden for maintaining a public health budget continues unabated throughout the world. We can segment the stakeholders of public health into four distinct areas-prescribers e.g. healthcare professionals and the affiliated infrastructure, payers e.g. health insurance schemes and government subsidization, patients, for public health this includes healthy individuals, and lastly pharma, e.g. pharmaceutical, biotechnology and other life science organizations which through their commitment to R&D seek to improve public health outcomes albeit in most cases for their own financial gain. Highlighted here are the key elements which one particular segment, Pharma, needs to address in order to drive efficiencies and cut costs as a commercial player in public health provision. In assessing the operational efficiencies of a Pharma organization, it is important to conduct a value chain analysis. There are also critical success factors which need to be assessed in drug discovery, development and clinical trial management operations. For the manufacturing operations, scrutiny of SOPs, integration of high end technology is important. At the distribution level, targeting emerging markets with high potential, speed-to-market for NCE launches and response times for recalls and demand spikes are some high priority considerations. For efficiency gains in sales and marketing operations of pharma, technology needs to be implemented that enables not only content and messaging to be edited according to the patient and physician needs but also to have built-in compliance workflows.\r\n\r\n

Carrie McCrea-Routray is a Sports and Exercise Medicine Doctor working in High Performance Sport in Scotland. She has a special interest in athlete welfare, female athlete health and mental health, working extensively in both clinical and educational areas to improve awareness, knowledge and support for athletes and staff. She also has a strong interest in yoga as a physical and psychological intervention. She has been working alongside the British Institute of Modern Yoga Team to help evidence the potential uses/benefits of yoga within the unique environment of high performance sport.

Introduction: There is increasing recognition of the benefits of yoga to psychological health but a lack of evidence regarding its use as part of a high performance training program for athletes/athlete support personnel. Safeguarding athlete and staff well-being is recognized as an area of importance and priority in high performance sport. Aim of the study is to establish how athletes rate different aspects of their physical/mental health and how they think including yoga into their training may benefit them. To establish how the introduction of yoga impacts on subjective health/performance factors.\r\n\r\nMethod: A mixed cohort of performance and high performance athletes (n=131) and athlete support personnel (n=12) from 16 different sports were invited to attend yoga classes. Surveys were completed at induction, 3, 6 and 12 months.\r\n\r\nResults: At induction, the following factors were rated as poor/below average: flexibility 65%, core strength 35%, balance 45%, sleep 37%, anxiety 36% and mood 19%. 43% felt stress levels were high. Athletes felt yoga might help in a range of ways with the highest numbers stating improved flexibility, strength, reduced stress and improved recovery/injury prevention. At three months the vast majority stated yoga improved all measured physical and psychological factors 100% of athletes/staff felt their mood and flexibility had improved. At six months 100% of athletes/staff completing the survey felt their mood, balance, core strength and breathing had improved. 95.5% felt that yoga was important to consider as part of an athletic training program and 100% would recommend yoga to other athletes. \r\n\r\nConclusion: A significant proportion of high performance athletes and staff report below average or poor quality of physical/psychological health factors. Introducing regular yoga at a low dose resulted in a consistent improvement in these factors and was an acceptable and valued addition to athletes and staff. Introducing yoga into training programs should be considered as an option to improve physical and psychological health factors.\r\n\r\n